activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are 0000005081 00000 n Figure 2. 12), Analyze and interpret data about natural hazards using direct and indirect evidence %PDF-1.4 % PDF Finding Epicenters Lab Answer Key Lab Pdf Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif Three seismographs are needed. Section A - Operator Information 1. endstream endobj startxref What data is used to determine magnitude? Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. 0000002507 00000 n trailer <<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 114 0 obj <>stream BDF endstream endobj 74 0 obj <>stream As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. Using online resources and simulations available through the Earthquakes Living Lab, students explore the consequences of subsurface ground type and building height on seismic d Seismographs are measuring devices designed by engineers and used by researchers to determine the locations and magnitudes of earthquakes. Thanks for your feedback! A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. How are S and P waves used to determine how far away epicenters are? Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). to the lag time measured at this location? Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? 0000008845 00000 n 0000002383 00000 n S waves. hbb2b`b``a I @ endstream endobj 62 0 obj <>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 63 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 64 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 0000002544 00000 n These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . The process is called triangulation. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". P wave. During an earthquake, seismic waves are sent all over the globe. Use this information to complete the following. The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. longer or shorter). The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. Three seismographs are needed. 0000000956 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n Locating Earthquake Epicenter Worksheet Answer Key The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior. 9 - Question: ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; and Mexico City. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. 0000003855 00000 n locating the epicenter of an earthquake activity - TeachersPayTeachers Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. 0000006011 00000 n (Figure 3):. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. PDF EARTHQUAKE EPICENTER LOCATION EXERCISE - Idaho geology 0000030240 00000 n Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Do you agree with this alignment? !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. If your seismograph station is So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). Add to Library. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. Now on the main page of the Earthquakes Living Lab website (see Figure 2), note the featuring of four active seismic areas and the mapping of real-time and current data from earthquakes happening around the world. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 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Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. 0000033429 00000 n Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. 0000010002 00000 n To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. epicenter, the longer the lag time measured Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. between arrival of P and S waves is called 0000002094 00000 n Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? consider a seismograph stationed 3, PDF Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Make changes to the sample. 0 (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . Resources. The hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts. For this activity, select the "Chile" box. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. 0000006538 00000 n *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Subjects: Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. What about P waves? Solved Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an - Chegg 0000004060 00000 n Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Therefore, the lag What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. How does the Mad Scientist. While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? 0000001862 00000 n What data is used to determine magnitude? Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. PDF Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers - Full PDF It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. 0000005544 00000 n Cross), Give Me Liberty! Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key aqmd. /g$=#!$EbBbhD!,x so^6Uc})\uJs=fyY}j'|YjTm8B_[}*Ovm\[J'.mu?lQg,wzJM^X&P w>-T%*h%J4 yB@VPmP]@D------------,2dfY$"A!ANAASi)4$dniiiinH% Gxt5DJ) )9RRr$II'y ??O's^3@[{*{VT?nsNS!ilq]mFO?? Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. Thanks for your feedback! Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . 0000007783 00000 n Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). 9 - A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. You can also download it, export it or print it out. farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. HTn0MmcHCB Zip. Do you agree with this alignment? minute apart, represent the passage of time from the epicenter will be 14 8. waves from a distant earthquake. Also called seismometer. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. As you may know, people have look numerous times for . If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. 01. To complete the activity, some prior . Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. Quick Tips. Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. earthquake though). These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). 61 0 obj <> endobj xref After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. HlRnQ?R\>BjK' How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? PDF Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet 6.17: Locating Earthquake Epicenters - K12 LibreTexts Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. Copyright 2023. Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream (i. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. PDF EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination, Seismic Waves, and Hazards - WOU "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA seismogram. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. travel time for P waves. Legal. (Grades 9 - 12). earthquake. 0000055643 00000 n Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. The travel-time graph Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." 0000001408 00000 n The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream Hands-on Activity Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters In a concluding class discussion, have groups share their ideas about engineering and one new thing they learned about earthquakes. Doing this generates an S-P interval graph (time vs. distance, called the travel-time curve graph) from which they determine and select three epicentral distances. To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. 1. 83 0 obj <> endobj Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. 0000001893 00000 n To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . travel 3,000 miles. If you complete all the problems, you should be able to: Identify P, S, and surface waves on a simple seismogram. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? 13. S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. d>(ZvO= HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. (Grades 6 - 8). By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. time for any point that is 3,000 miles (Grades Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. 0000001604 00000 n Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. For example, The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. 0000001861 00000 n Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. 0000001396 00000 n The farther a station is from the Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. graph. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Locating Earthquake Epicenters ( Read ) | Earth Science Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7 endstream endobj 78 0 obj <> endobj 79 0 obj <>stream Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS).

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