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Which of the following is true of implicit memory? information over a long period of time? D. circadian rhythm, Jet lag may be best explained by the WebAs opposed to a dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined. B. insomnia. 22. C. exhibiting controlled processing. 81. Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. B. D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. Meditation has been compared to _____, the relaxed sense that all is well. B. classical conditioning A. an individual will lie about taking a drug. ________ involve sudden C. generalization. Tranquilizers and alcohol are C. intermediary helped Jacob to recount his knowledge of chess to Boris? Applied behavior analysis is based on the concept of 107. Nicotine raises _____ levels in the brain. B. need more conscious effort than controlled processes. the viewer, will experience those positive feelings toward the product. B. explicit memory A. vigilance. D. activation-synthesis. B. preparedness. If Gary described his dream to a psychotherapist, the therapist would tell him that what he had dreamed about was his fear of financial issues and not being able to pay all his bills. 70. C. chunking/rehearsal Which of the following drugs did he most likely take? What is psychological dependence and physical dependence of psychoactive drugs? A. positive reinforcement. They are most often used in suicide attempts. Samantha tells Ava, her friend, that she should use imagery when studying. unconditional response for conditioning Albert to fear a white rat. Night terrors/ Somnambulisms 28. Xanax is classified as a(n) C. stage 3 sleep. D. our biological urges and needs. What type of drug is Gloria dependent on? D. activation-synthesis, 120. Latent Content: What a dream symbolizes. A. behavior is a consequence of the conditioned stimulus (CS). Hypnosis usually is done with the guidance of a health care B. dopamine Theory of awareness D. operant conditioning. Another set of studies has shown that sleep plays an important role in the consolidation, storage, and maintenance of memories. D. Theory of mind, What theory of dreaming proposes that dreaming involves information processing and memory? B. barbiturate B. neutral stimulus/conditioned stimulus D. Alcohol is a powerful drug that acts on the body primarily as a stimulant and speeds up the brain's activities. Meditation _____ involve sudden arousal from sleep and an intense physiological fear reaction (e.g., screaming, heavy breathing, and perspiration). A. stage 2 C. Leonard's friend switched his drugs in order to teach him not to use drugs by switching his C. depressants. B. unconscious wishes and hidden desires. 13. B. episodic memory. C. hypnosis. A. stage 1 A. involves mechanically repeating information, without imparting meaning to it.It A. elevation of serotonin in the prefrontal cortex. D. Stimulants, Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. D. Priming. A. Alex, a five-year-old boy, is reciting his alphabets. D. They decrease a person's appetite for food and sex. In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of C. Contiguity B. REM sleep is an active stage of sleep during which dreaming does not occur. Experience with unavoidable negative stimuli can lead to a particular deficit in avoidance learning She usually has several more cups throughout the day. D. Reinforcement. C. It always results in distortion of memories. B. C. It is the most powerful type of depressant. A. more than three drinks in a row people under hypnosis want to tell the truth: true or false. C. classical conditioning. The EEG (electroencephalogram) pattern for REM sleep shows fast waves similar to those of relaxed wakefulness. C. primary 40. A. a stream of consciousness that consists of a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings. C. Stage 5 sleep/ stage 3 and stage 4 sleep A. Margaret will have difficulty remembering her address and telephone number. ________ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why. D. prefrontal cortex/reticular activating system, _______ refers to individuals' understanding that they and others think, feel, perceive, and have D. intermediary, ________ is considered a secondary rienforcer. B. myoclonic event. She will minimize distractions in her office and make Mitchell comfortable. B. D. serotonin dependence. D. the consequences of behavior produce change in the probability of the occurrence of the WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. B. inhalant D. There is a limited amount of storage available for long-term memories, so older memories A. non-REM sequence. asleep and awakens frequently during the night. Heather reported a boost in energy and a sense of well-being after taking a drug. 69. C. hallucinogen D. 9 and 12. D. interactive-phenomenological perspective. 122. B. autobiographical Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? Explain the distinction between automatic and controlled processes. A. stimulants A hypnotic state is most similar to a relaxed waking state. Your friend wonders D. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. D. Being anesthetized. B. melatonin exemplifies Rachel Radcliff earns an annual salary of $126,000. A trained and certified hypnotist or hypnotherapist guides you into this deep state of focus and relaxation with verbal cues, repetition and imagery. D. negative punishment. remember new information better and faster. B. attention, retention, generalization, and discrimination It induces images that are sometimes pleasurable and sometimes grotesque. A. barbiturate Stage 5 sleep/ stage 3 and stage 4 sleep A. Daydreaming lies between the subconscious awareness state and the altered state of A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. A. Daydreaming about your upcoming vacation D. It is a symptom of sleep apnea. B. tranquilizer. Identify the true statement about barbiturates. 49. 91. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. Lucy sustained a brain injury in a car accident. 29. Blake smokes marijuana. intermediate processing. B. occurs when information that was retained in memory comes out of storage. B. Jennifer's tests have poorer retrieval cues than Stacey's tests. Moesha is most likely suffering from B. hypnagogic reverie. loudly as soon as she sees it. Altered states of consciousness are mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness (e.g., sleeping or dreaming). A. classical conditioning C. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. A. retention. Jacob warns her that repeated use of this drug could have lasting negative effects on the neurotransmitter B. have been to similar Fancy Foods Restaurants in other towns. A. neural activity begins with the brain. Ian's behavior For a moment you wonder if he's dead, but suddenly he snorts and resumes snoring. Sleeping C. stage 3 D. inhalant, 78. A. Edward, who began drinking at age 40 125. drugs? D. Mindfulness. Dr. Harper hypnotizes her to interact with the other Medical tests revealed increased activity of her central nervous system. Grandpa is napping in his recliner, snoring loudly, when suddenly he stops snoring. Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. A. the same area of the brain is involved in the functioning of implicit and explicit memory. stomach enzymes. B. C. variable-ratio 72. According to the D. The visual spatial sketchpad depends on the phonological loop for its operations. The price is reduced 25% and 6 more pairs sell. Why do psychoactive drugs make people feel good? tests include only essay questions, whereas Stacey's end-of-semester tests include only C. immediately forgetting relevant information. accurately enough to retrieve them successfully. clothes. C. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. D. retrieval failures. A. somniloquy. Attention D. recall/recognition, Asking an eyewitness to describe a suspect's physical appearance to a sketch artist would be an reinforced. Automatic processes occur at a lower level of awareness than controlled processes, but they are still conscious behaviors. A. parallel distributed processing (PDP) D. A meditative state is exactly similar to the hypnotic state. College students who consume large amounts of alcohol on weekends are abusing which type(s) of drugs? knowledge of what to expect and how to behave at a birthday is called a(n) B. cognitive system. B. Surprising as it might be, hypnosis has a high success rate on people that want to quit smoking or vaping. C. Theory of mechanism Mr. Owens always sleeps restlessly, snoring and gasping during the night. While watching television, you can see how advertisers cunningly apply classical-conditioning Rebecca's mother suffers from frequent panic attacks. B. latent learning. Individuals with "discovered" memories experience them as real, whether or not the Jet lag may be best explained by the B. more than five drinks in a row B. B. narcolepsy A. theory of mechanism. B. Freud's psychoanalytic theory Which of the following statements is true of the cognitive theory of dreaming? B. learned generalization Daily circadian rhythms regulate a person's sleep/wakefulness cycle, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. memories. B. lower-level consciousness Every night when she goes C. hypnosis. D. dreaming. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. D. Concentration, Meditation has been compared to ________, the relaxed sense that all is well. Working memory has a limited capacity, similar to the RAM of a computer. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). behavior is called Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. Long-term potentiation is a concept that explains A person might experience insomnia, fatigue, changes in body temperature, and impaired cognitive abilities as well as an increased susceptibility to diseases and disorders. D. amphetamines, What is the most widely used drug in the United States? C. hallucinogen. C. conditioned stimulus. A. Belinda now works in a caf and has D. Maria, who is working out an algebra problem on a piece of paper. C. implicit ________ has to do with B. chunking The social-cognitive-behavior view of hypnosis B. automatic processes. Only 6 pairs of the skates sell at the original price, and the manager decides to mark down the remaining skates. after the anticipated reward is withheld. therapist listens and then offers the interpretation that this dream signifies Homer's unconscious desires to be free of his 104. They have serious arguments with others. A. ________ means that the conditioned stimulus (CS) must not only precede the unconditioned B. Ebbinghau's curve of forgetting B. Elaboration C. Punishment C. caffeine D. primary, A ________ reinforcer is a reinforcer that acquires its positive value through an organism's true. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. Drugs, trauma, fatigue, hypnosis, and sensory deprivation typically produce B. A. C. trial-and-error learning A. Which of the following concepts best describes Miranda's learning 36. Compare and contrast rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep. others? Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. period of time. D. stage 5 and stage 6. B. B. surgery that involved removing the hippocampus and a portion of the temporal lobes of both According to the principles of classical C. implicit but not explicit memories B. stage 2 B. Motivated forgetting A. somniloquy. A. True: If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. D.increased tolerance. A. A. a sealskin coat A. damaging property 94. A. stimulants. true. C. REM sleep is characterized by a lack of rapid eye movement. B) It can help to cure cocaine addiction. A. B. 76. ________, like RAM, is comparable to what you actually have open and active at any given moment. D. hippocampus and hypothalamus. D. subconscious processes, Daydreaming would be considered an example of which of the following levels of awareness? A. high consciousness. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder in which individuals B. theory of relativity. C. dopamine A. discovery learning. and within minutes she falls asleep with her head jerking upward at short intervals. Stage 3 sleep/stage 1 and stage 2 sleep the ________ after conditioning had occurred. C. adenosine. D. semantic memory/episodic memory, Which of the following involves memory for skills? After the surgery, his epilepsy was cured, but his memory was impaired. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. B. discovery learning. If she misses her daily doses of coffee, she gets a headache. A. Awareness and arousal are associated with different parts of the brain. exemplifies 33. C. They depress the central nervous system's activity. conditioned stimulus. famous singer. 117. B. They are most often used in suicide attempts. arousal from sleep and an intense physiological fear reaction (e.g., screaming, heavy breathing, and C. the divided-consciousness view of hypnosis. A. negative reinforcement. stimulus in this scenario is the D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. A. positive punishment. D. during non-REM sleep. Luke, who frequently takes drugs, keeps complaining that his drapes are growing tentacles that are threatening to strangle him. tequila bottle that he drank out of last night? D. more than three drinks in a row, 82. C. a hypnogogic reverie. Sleep is essential for physical and psychological well-being. A. cerebellum 89. A. Elaboration B. tranquilizer. C. Hypnosis is a commonly used technique for treating problems such as overeating, diabetes, and smoking. B. elevation of serotonin in the prefrontal cortex. This is an example of B. sleeping. 25. C. stream of consciousness Margaret fell down her basement stairs and suffered serious injury to her amygdala. C. They improve memory retention. He injected his 84. Kate, a long-time coffee drinker, complains of pounding headaches and lowered mood when she skips her coffee in the morning. Multiple Choice A) It is useful in controlling pain during childbirth. B. habit. Which of the following would be an example of no awareness or an "unconscious" state of mind? 103. Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. Depressants, like alcohol, slow down activity in the central nervous system. B. The truth is that stage hypnotism is essentially a theatrical performance and has about as much in common with bona fide clinical hypnosis as many Hollywood movies have with real life. B. D. cortisol. A. opiate Which of the following is true of working memory? You knew exactly a. personality b. contingencies of reinforcement c. trait d. defense mechanism e. inferiority complex f. self-actualization g. positive regard h. conditions of worth i. extravert j. introvert. D. observational learning. Furthermore, it can get rid of cravings during the process, which prevents weight gain while. B. might lead to an increased probability of daydreaming. Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? Explain how circadian rhythms affect physiological and psychological functioning. Sleep spindles are defining characteristic of _____ sleep. A. our conscious thoughts and feelings. D. hypnosis involves a special state of consciousness in which consciousness is split into separate components. After Someone Wakes Up From Hypnosis, He Or She May Have Involuntary Reactions To A Stimulus But Not Remember Why. C. higher-level consciousness Lily has been battling insomnia for a very long time. 129. C. It involves a sudden, overpowering urge to sleep. She says she A. corpus callosum D. valium, 100. According to _____, dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower brain. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. B. the bell had become associated with food. You don't censor yourself or worry about spelling or grammar. It is the most widely used type of depressant drug. The ability to type a text message on a cell phone without even looking at the keypad is an example of WebHypnosis, also called hypnotherapy, is a state of deep relaxation and focused concentration. A. C. representing higher executive function. B. demonstrating automatic processing. Recollections of one's first family vacation to Disneyland are most likely part of one's perspiration). A. somniloquy. A. script. C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. Which of the following can best explain her behavior? C. getting hurt 12. B. repressed C. episodic memory/semantic memory Awareness and arousal are associated with different parts of the brain. It is likely that he is A. barbiturate. A. voluntary behavior. C. have a script for what happens in a restaurant. Furthermore, it can get rid of cravings during the process, which prevents weight gain while. B. narcolepsy. Bargains on video games usually occur in January. 2. WebAccording to hypnosis researcher Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis brings about a dissociation of consciousness into two simultaneous components. D. Autobiographical memories predominantly characterize the very first few years of life. A father takes his baby out for a walk. C. Your mother takes a nap after spending long hours surfing the Internet. Define the five levels of awareness and give an example of each. D. Divided attention involves concentrating on different activities, one activity at a time. A. getting hurt B. how cannibalized worms can pass on skills they had learned to the cannibals. . B. insomnia. C. habituation Yet, she is still able to talk, know . D. Stacey's tests are dependent on how well Stacey can retrieve previously learned information. D. Somnambulisms/Night terrors. With this condition, he reawakens several times during the night so that he can breathe better. C. The meditator is ignorant of his or her thoughts and feelings and is, therefore, not consumed by them. C. They increase dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. Luke is most likely taking D. nodes. Frank buys a new smartphone and tries exploring the phone's features as soon as he reaches home. B. somniloquy. D. corpus callosum. B. When he first started using, he used to get high off one joint, but now he finds he needs to smoke more and more to get the same high. _____ is a state of being conscious of what is going on, whereas _____ is a physiological state of being engaged with the environment. B. depressant C. occipital lobe and temporal lobe. C. automatic processes. D.sleep apnea, 55. that can lower a person's ability to fight disease. D. They are most effective in curing somnambulism and somniloquy. In classical-conditioning situations, the ________ is unlearned, but the ________ is learned. Subconscious awareness can occur when people are awake, as well as when they are sleeping and dreaming. C. conditioned response (CR). WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. For her first lesson, her instructor models serving and backhand 90. Identify the true statement about barbiturates. B. Amphetamines A. high consciousness B. _____, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. D. divided attention. 111. C. depressant This is an example of Which of the following statements is true of meditation? Drug addiction occurs when A. ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. She has difficulty falling Some bears kept in the zoo allow veterinarians to routinely give them total body checkups. A. a drug no longer causes a person to get high, but they take it again. According to the American Psychological Association's Div. Thus, whereas Freud suggests that our dreams have deep unconscious meaning and cognitive theory claims that our dreams are an attempt to make sense of our conscious lives, activation-synthesis theory suggests that our dreams are merely a form of "cognitive trash" that has little to no meaning. 64. B. unconditioned stimulus. D. Stimulants. A. operant conditioning. D. positive reinforcement. It has been found most useful in preparing people for anesthesia , enhancing the drug response, and reducing the required dosage. A. higher-level consciousness B. a drug no longer causes a person to get high, but they take it again. Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. Operating expenses for the store are 25% of cost, while total markup on this type of product is 35% of selling price. However, Belinda often finds herself referring to Jim as C. Stage 1 sleep/stage 3 and stage 4 sleep Alcohol is a powerful drug that acts on the body primarily as a stimulant and speeds up the B. operant conditioning C. It is derived from natural components of plants. A. serotonin In Pavlov's classic study on classical conditioning, the bell was the ________ before conditioning and Manifest Content: The literal content of 10. her sleep. They have serious arguments with others. A. increase memory performance. C. learned helplessness B. B. stage 2 View Insomnia is a disorder involving D. missing class. B. rehearsal/elaboration D. psychoactivity. B. B. sleep apneA.C.a state called hypnagogic reverie. D. negative punishment. D. Psychology and medicine recognize hypnosis as a legitimate process. C. the hippocampus and corpus callosum B. dreaming. A. A. A. Maria, who is working out an algebra problem on a piece of paper, 9. 44. D. caffeine/nicotine, 97. C. hallucinogens. control over negative outcomes. C. episodic memory 121. 10 stimulus (US) is on its way. B. C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. most likely C. sustained attention. According to the American Psychological Association's Div. D. an individual will lie about taking a drug. A.Sleep apnea An individual's autobiographical memory forms the core of the individual's D. dramatic changes in environmental stimuli, Your friend Helen just started working the night shift at the post office. C. Martha improves her grades in English and Math so that her mom can take her shopping as D. stage 2 sleep. D. It produces high, steady rates of behavior that are more resistant to extinction than the other Which of the following is true of divided attention in the context of memory encoding? memories are accurate. that the frequency of bullying has decreased. 11. D. The EEG pattern for REM sleep shows slow waves similar to those of stage 3 sleep. Which disorder has Jerry most likely developed? Alcohol decreases the concentration of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid Heather reported a boost in energy and a sense of well-being after taking a drug. 53. Which of the following is the main reason that hampers the use of rehearsal as a tool for retaining A. caffeine Daydreaming would be considered an example of which of the following levels of awareness? They are most often used in suicide attempts. C. raising your hand before asking a question in a classroom setting principles of classical conditioning, how will Robert likely react today when he tastes or smells the very close together in time. B. exhibiting increased level of consciousness. C. Hallucinogens D. Classical conditioning can explain drug habituation. B. hypnagogic reverie D. subconscious awareness. Jennifer and Stacey go to different schools but study the same text books. D. fixed-interval, ________ is a consequence that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur. C. dopamine dependence. According to the principles of classical conditioning, the conditioned B. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. 66. A. fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities. C. Synaptic connections become broken. 20. Which of the following regions of the brain are involved in meditation? C) It is known to negatively affect the performances of athletes. D. semantic, . They decrease the risk of exposure to HIV. D. subconscious awareness. Widespread areas of the cerebral cortex are disabled when individuals are in a hypnotic state. A.
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